Make sure that the Trianum-G granules flow smoothly through the tube system of the spreaders (avoid curves in the tubes). This fungus is used as a broad-spectrum biocontrol agent for the control of different fungal diseases and also as a very important factor in the stimulation of root growth [6]. Natura Servicios: Nos dedicamos a la venta de TRICHODERMA HONGO FUNGICIDA entre otros productos. This could be due to the fact that Trichoderma has different auxin production mechanisms that when entering in symbiosis with the root improve the agronomic characteristics of the cocoa plant, in such a way that when developing a greater amount of root this has greater ease of absorption of the nutrients available in the soil; in addition, Trichoderma together with the microorganisms creates associations that help increase the rhizosphere of the soil, degrading the organic matter in less time and allowing the plants to extract the nutrients with a greater degree of assimilation [39]. Providing tolerance to abiotic stress such as drought, which in turn will provide resilience to a pathogen attack. P. Lizarazo, M. Mendoza, and A. Gutiérrez, “Diversity of endophytic mycobiota in Cattleya percivaliana and Cattleya trianaei growing under greenhouse conditions,” Actualidades Biológicas, vol. in Copallín and 1060 m.a.s.l. methods, instructions or products referred to in the content. Many species in this genus can be characterized as opportunistic avirulent plant symbionts. ; writing—original draft preparation, M.T.d.l.C. Trichoderma spp. Actúa por competencia y antagonismo sobre Oidium, Botrytis, Stemphylium. [, Two 25-year-old cocoa plantations were selected for evaluating the effect of, One cocoa farm was located in Lluhuana Village in the district of Copallín in Bagua Province, Amazonas Region, at 835 m.a.s.l. G. Santoyo, G. Moreno-Hagelsieb, M. D. C. Orozco-Mosqueda, and B. R. Glick, “Plant growth-promoting bacterial endophytes,” Microbiological Research, vol. 1 The inoculation of the root and stem fragments was done in Petri dishes with water agar content for 16 hours and incubated in the dark at 26 ± 0.2°C. ; Téliz Ortiz, D.; Mora Aguilera, A.; Nava Díaz, C. Temporal progress and integrated management of frosty pod rot (, Soberanis, W.; Ríos, R.; Arévalo, E.; Zúñiga, L.; Cabezas, O.; Krauss, U. 37–52, 2015. The activation of Trichoderma strains was carried out in plates containing Papa Dextrose Agar (PDA), for a period of 15 days at a temperature of 25°C with 12-hour photoperiods (fluorescent white light/darkness) [18]. 299 pesos $ 299. en. For more information, please refer to 11, no. most exciting work published in the various research areas of the journal. FIWoT = % of final incidence without application of, FIWT = % of final incidence with application of. K. Hyde and K. Soytong, “The fungal endophyte dilemma,” Fungal Diversity, vol. The present work had the objective of testing the influence of Trichoderma sp. ; Tixier, P.; Germon, A.; Rakotobe, V.; Phillips-Mora, W.; Maximova, S.; Avelino, J. The nursery substrate consisted of a mixture of 100 kg of agricultural soil, 50 kg of river sand, and 50 kg of peat (2 : 1 : 1 ratio). and C.N.V. Somos una empresa peruana especializada en brindar soluciones orientadas. While Longibrachiatum and Hypocreanum appeared monophyletic, Pachybasium was determined to be paraphyletic, many of its species clustering with Trichoderma. Krauss, U.; Soberanis, W. Rehabilitation of diseased cacao fields in Peru through shade regulation and timing of biocontrol measures. G. Meza, Análisis de la Ddistribución Espacial de Parámetros Físico-Químicos en el Suelo Aplicando sig, utcubamba, Amazona, Perú. 1. The application of Trichodermas in cocoa ecotypes demonstrated the effect on its different vegetative tissues, showing good agronomic characteristics. Check local registration requirements. See how Trichoderma has been successfully applied in Spain for lettuce production in the field. Producto para prevenir el ataque de bacterias y hongos patógenos causantes de pudriciones y enfermedades. 32, pp. Strains Native to Bagua (Amazonas, Peru) in the Biocontrol of Frosty Pod Rot (Moniliophthora roreri)" Agronomy 10, no. Trichoderma harzianum - Cepa DSM-14944 Foliguard SC es un fungicida biológico ideal para el control de enfermedades desde la siembra hasta la post - cosecha. S. Goud and J. Jeon, “Applications of endophytic microbes in agriculture, biotechnology, medicine, and beyond,” Microbiological Research, vol. 173–181, 2014. 2 - RYASA Produstos Industriales del Sur S.A.C - Arequipa. 2. ; writing—review and editing, S.L., M.O., and F.G.; supervision, S.L. ver: 12; 24; todo: protecciÓn facial/visual. vuill. Observations of Trichoderma colonization over the next 15 days on both root and stem were distinguished based on the morphological characteristics presented by the fungus on PDA culture medium [27]. (Metarrhizium anisopliae, Trichoderma harzianum y Paecilomyces fumasoroseus) - 5 Kilogramos por mes en Sutamarchan, Biyaca, Colombia #7781103111132 (más de 12 meses) Editor’s Choice articles are based on recommendations by the scientific editors of MDPI journals from around the world. Koppert uses cookies to improve your experience on our site. Nos encontramos en Morelia México. Editors select a small number of articles recently published in the journal that they believe will be particularly The CABI BioProtection Portal has reached one million visits to the biological control and biopesticide resource hub. The in vitro experiments had 199 treatments and the field experiments had four treatments plus a control treatment. Conidia appear colorless to green, smooth to rough, and are in moist conidial masses, variable in shape and size, small, 2.8– 4.8 mm for common species. - RUC: 20608334701 - Teléfono: (01) 7060901 - Correo: atencionalcliente.peru@kavak.com Cel, El Cortezo, distrito de Natá, Corregimiento de Toza, Provincia de Cocle, Panama. Cocoa cobs from the INDES-CES germplasm bank were selected for seed extraction, which were chosen from the middle third of the cob. B. Prevents and controls soil borne diseases, Granule formulation can be easily mixed with or spread over the growing substrate or applied at sowing or planting. Trichoderma is a genus of mostly asexual (the teleomorphic forms are Hypocrea) filamentous fungi, widespread around the world, usually colonizing rotting wood and other forms of organic plant matter []. 4. ; Lu, B.; Petrini, O.; Schroers, H.; Druzhinina, I.S. Mini Market Juguete Niño Niña S/. This could be due to the good development of the plant due to the application of Trichoderma [28]. 5. Un reporte del Wall Street Journal señaló que la compañia creadora del chatbot viral GPT, OpenIA se iniciaría en la venta de acciones. Trichoderma can be used for crop protection in a wide range of production systems. The pathogens therefore have less chance to develop. ; Lieckfeldt, E.; Nirenberg, H.I. Trichoderma utilizes direct antagonism and competition, particularly in the rhizosphere, where it modulates the composition of and interactions with other . ; Hedger, J.N. 67. 3x . However, in order to preserve the positioning, constant studies are carried out in fine aroma cocoa with alternative for agroexport improving quality and productivity [4]. Envío gratis. Phialides may be densely clustered on a wide main axis (e.g., T. polysporum, T. hamatum), or they may be solitary (e.g., T. longibrachiatum). Resources. E. Herre, S. Van Bael, Z. Maynard et al., Tropical Plants as Chimera: Some Implications of Foliar Endophytic Fungi for the Study of Host Plant Defense, Physiology,and Genetics, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, UK, 2005. The seeds were submerged in sterile distilled water for five days until the appearance of the embryo; this procedure was carried out in order to accelerate germination. are . 1, pp. Samuels, G.J. L. Pérez, C. Ramírez, M. Martínez, and N. Algecira, “Efectos de las variables, condiciones de la fermentación y del sustrato en la producción de,” Trichoderma harzianum. Calle Arica 242 Miraflores. Lima 33. "Assessment of the Potential of Trichoderma spp. 463–471, 2008. Koppert cannot be held liable for unauthorized use. ; investigation, E.H., B.C., S.L., and F.G.; data curation, K.R. Trichoderma sp. La avispa liberada parasita huevos de insectos-plaga. ¿A cuánto se cotiza la compra y venta de esta moneda? Synanamorphs are recognized by their solitary conidiophores that are verticillately branched and that bear conidia in a drop of clear green liquid at the tip of each phialide. Based on the results of mycoparasitism, antibiosis, in vitro antagonism potential, high mass propagation capacity in solid substrate, and high conidium viability, CP10-3, CP53-2, CP24-6, and CP38-2 strains were therefore selected for further field trials. This effect is stronger when the plant is under stress and/or cultivated under less than optimum growing conditions. sobre el crecimiento y desarrollo de la arveja (Pisum sativum L.),” Ciencia y Agricultura, vol. Trichoderma asperellum strain ICC 012 ( 40 CFR 180.1294 )—see the Federal Register of March 3, 2010 ( 75 FR 9527) (FRL-8800-9). 19, no. Históricamente, el A. fistulosum se conocía como cibol . C wrote, revised, and edited the manuscript. https://doi.org/10.3390/agronomy10091376, Subscribe to receive issue release notifications and newsletters from MDPI journals, You can make submissions to other journals. Bienvenido a Novagri. Term & Conditions, About S. Topolovec-Pintarić, “Trichoderma: invisible partner for visible impact on agriculture,” Trichoderma-the Most Widely Used Fungicide, IntechOpen, London, UK, 2019. The mean separation test (Scott Knott, α = 0.05) was applied when the F test was significant for treatments. ; Samuels, G.J. Torres de la Cruz, M.; Ortiz García, C.F. ; Bae, K.S. All authors have read and accepted the published version of the manuscript. 30, no. PDF | On Jan 22, 2018, Betsabe Leon Ttacca Leon Ttacca published Cepas de Trichoderma con capacidad endofitica sobre el control del mildiu (Peronospora variabilis Gäum.) A revision of the genus, This page was last edited on 30 December 2022, at 10:47. Endophytic Trichoderma fungi are an alternative for organic production of fine aroma cocoa in Peru, improving the agronomic characteristics of the crop. 620 pesos $ 620. en. Nos encontramos en Combate de Angamos 637, Surco Lima, Lima . Treatment 12 showed the best chlorophyll index results for both leaf apex and leaf base (Table 2; Figure 1(a)). Conidia are typically smooth but tuberculate to finely warted conidia are known in a few species. 37, no. ; Adonijah, V.; Krauss, U. This substrate was previously sterilized in a vertical autoclave at 121°C, 15 pounds of pressure for 30 minutes. anteojo argon elite darkgreen w5 af . [1] This refers to the ability of several Trichoderma species to form mutualistic endophytic relationships with several plant species. This research was funded by “National Institute of Agrarian Innovation of Peru”, grant number 004-2016-INIA-PNIA-UPMSI/IE” and “The APC was funded by SNIP project N° 352641-CEINCACAO”. ; Schroers, H.; Thomas, S.E. Note that from the first issue of 2016, this journal uses article numbers instead of page numbers. Más Relevantes - Mayor Precio - Menor Precio; trichoderma a la venta en Perú . The Principal Component Analysis (PC), with its first axis (PC 1) was able to explain 43.5% of the data variability, and the second principal component (PC 2) explained 25.6% of the variability (Figure 2), adding up to a total of 70.9% of explanation of the agronomic variables studied. T. Santana and L. Castellanos, “Efecto bioestimulante de Trichoderma harzianum Rifai en posturas de Leucaena, Cedro y Samán,” Colombia Forestal, vol. By selecting strains that produce a particular kind of enzyme, and culturing these in suspension, industrial quantities of enzyme can be produced. Fusarium Species: An Illustrated Manual for Identification, Research Methodology in Biocontrol of Plant Diseases with Special Reference to Fungal Diseases of Cocoa, Help us to further improve by taking part in this short 5 minute survey, Water-Use Efficiency of Forage Crops in the Southeastern United States, Gene Expression and Metabolomics Profiling of the Common Wheat Obtaining Leaf Rust Resistance by Salicylic or Jasmonic Acid through a Novel Detached Leaf Rust Assay, Maize Hybrid Response to Sustained Moderate Drought Stress Reveals Clues for Improved Management, Screening of Organic Substrates for Solid-State Fermentation, Viability and Bioefficacy of, http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/, CP24-1; CP24-2; CP24-3; CP24-4; CP24-5; CP24-6; CP24-7; CP24-8, CP14-1; CP14-2; CP14-3; CP14-4; CP14-5; CP14-6; CP14-7, CP16-1; CP16-2; CP16-3; CP16-4; CP16-5; CP16-6; CP16-7; CP16-8; CP16-9; CP16-10; CP16-11; CP16-12; CP16-13; CP16-14, CP17-1; CP17-2; CP17-3; CP17-4; CP17-5; CP17-6; CP17-7, CP6-1; CP6-2; CP6-3; CP6-4; CP6-5; CP6-6; CP6-7, CP7-1; CP7-2; CP7-3; CP7-4; CP7-5; CP7-6; CP7-7, CP10-1; CP10-2; CP10-3; CP10-4; CP10-5; CP10-6, CP11-1; CP11-2; CP11-3; CP11-4; CP11-5; CP11-6; CP11-7; CP11-8; CP11-9, CP13-1; CP13-2; CP13-3; CP13-4; CP13-5; CP13-6, Phillips-Mora, W.; Ortiz, C.F. interesting to readers, or important in the respective research area. By clicking “I Accept”, you agree to be bound by our Privacy Statement and to the use of cookies. A. Ribeiro, L. Kstz, A. Trilongins are highly resistant to heat and antimicrobials making primary prevention the only management option. 7, pp. "The general conditions of Koppert (Koppert B.V. and/or of its affiliated companies) apply. Trichoderma is a genus of fungi in the family Hypocreaceae that is present in all soils, where they are the most prevalent culturable fungi. Accessibility ; funding acquisition, S.L., M.O., and F.G. All authors have read and agreed to the published version of the manuscript. 149–200, 2017. These pathogens include fungal and oomycete pathogens, such as Rhizoctonia, Fusarium, Verticillium, Pythium and Phytophthora. It is one of the most commonly used microbial biopesticides, with nearly 200 commercial products in the Americas, Europe, Asia and Africa. The influence of formulation on, Bailey, B.A. Different letters in a column indicate significant statistical differences; the probability level is 95% confidence. Subsequently, fungi emerging from the root hairs and trichomes were collected with the help of forceps and a very fine laboratory brush and inoculated in Petri dishes with PDA and incubated at 27 ± 0.2°C. Trichoderma, being a saprophyte adapted to thrive in diverse situations, produces a wide array of enzymes. Calle San Miguel #407, Distrito de Mariano Melgar, Provincia, Departamento de Arequipa., Mariano Melgar . Trichoderma gamsii strain ICC 080 ( 40 CFR 180.1293 )—see the Federal Register of February 25, 2010 ( 75 FR 8504) (FRL-8799-4). N = number of samples taken from each replicate. The Feature Paper can be either an original research article, a substantial novel research study that often involves H. pulvinata), Exidia (H. sulphurea) or bird's nest fungi (H. latizonata) or agarics (H. avellanea). Cuadro Decorativo - Satélite Viridista I, Goldberger 40x40. Trichoderma genomes appear to be in the 30–40 Mb range, with approximately 12,000 genes being identifiable. 2, pp. Druzhina and Kubicek (2005) confirmed the genus as circumscribed was holomorphic. https://doi.org/10.3390/agronomy10091376, Leiva, Santos, Manuel Oliva, Elgar Hernández, Beimer Chuquibala, Karol Rubio, Flor García, and Magdiel Torres de la Cruz. Colonies are transparent at first on media such as cornmeal dextrose agar (CMD) or white on richer media such as potato dextrose agar (PDA). It also improves root system development, nutrient uptake and plant growth. These direct actions include; In addition to these direct methods of antagonism towards a pathogen or group of pathogens, Trichoderma has other more subtle means by which it can aid a crop in combating pathogen attack. and evaluated at 835 m.a.s.l. Trianum-G can be mixed with substrate or spread on the soil or in the furrow. The severity of external damage to infected pods was measured and recorded as the percentage (0–100%) of pod surface covered by necrotic spots. Similarly, Lizarazo et al. ; Bae, H.; Strem, M.D. TRICHOPS WP, posee además excelentes características medioambientales, pues tiene toxicidad nula para animales superiores, es inocuo para el hombre, animales, artrópodos útiles, abejas, abejorros y no es posible la contaminación del agua. The mechanism of action of Trichodermas is by entering the interior of the plant tissue (roots, stems, and leaves) and establishing itself in the intercellular spaces without inducing symptoms or visible signs, differentiating them from endomycorrhizae by not forming pelotons or modifications inside the cell, thus characterizing them as a group of non-mycorrhizal endophytic fungi [7, 8]. strains on the agronomic characteristics of ecotypes of cacao under nursery conditions in Peru. Crozier, J.; Arroyo, C.; Morales, H.; Melnick, R.L. Start Printed Page 4905. Kraus, G.F.; Druzhinina, I.; Gams, W.; Bissett, J.; Zafari, D.; Szakacs, G.; Koptchinski, A.; Prillinger, H.; Zare, R.; Kubicek, C.P. A total of 199 strains were assessed for in . ; Nicholson, J.; Nenninger, A.; Birch, R.N. La larva del parasitoide se alimenta del huevo plaga, eliminando la posibilidad de que éste llegue a gusano. and M.O. https://www.mdpi.com/openaccess. [3], The genus was described by Christiaan Hendrik Persoon in 1794, but the taxonomy has remained difficult to resolve. Cocoa (Theobroma cacao L.) is one of the most important crops worldwide, with predominance in tropical countries developed in different Agroforestry Systems (AFS) with greater predominance under shade [1]. 135–144, 2017. Apply as early as possible in the crop cycle. The. Preventivo de enfermedades. Strains Native to Bagua (Amazonas, Peru) in the Biocontrol of Frosty Pod Rot (Moniliophthora roreri). (Trichoderma harzianum - Cepa DSM-14944) Somos; Productos; Red comercial; Noticias; Responsabilidad social; POLÍTICA DEL SISTEMA INTEGRADO DE GESTIÓN; Trabaja con nosotros; Comprobantes electrónicos; Contacto; Oficina Central. One hundred milliliters of the bioconcentrate was prepared per bag (70 grams of Trichoderma plus 30 ml of agricultural oil to facilitate the dispersion of spores) [23]. The belief that Trichoderma was monotypic persisted until the 1969 work of Rifai, who recognised nine species. This bioconcentrate was applied directly at the time of planting; the frequency of application was every 15 days for 75 days according to the methodology of Santander & Olave [24]. Nuestros productos, están formulados a partir de cepas especificas de microorganismos benéficos usados en cultivos, aves, porcinos, equinos, bovinos, plantas de tratamiento de agua residuales, pozos sépticos, trampas de grasas, deslaves mineros, principalmente. are primarily recognized for their direct biocontrol action against a wide range of pathogens, both soilborne and those on the aerial parts of crop plants. The authors would like to thank the Instituto de Investigación para el Desarrollo Sustentable de Ceja de Selva (INDES-CES), through the project SNIP N 352651 Creación e Implementación del Centro de Investigación e Innovación Tecnológica en Cacao, for the funding provided for the development of this research. Multiple requests from the same IP address are counted as one view. 113, no. It can be effectively used, dependant on manufacturers’ recommendations and national registration for; It can also be used in forestry, in nurseries for seedling production, but can also be used to manage the more rapid destruction of inoculum such as Armillaria spp. Find out which pesticides have side effects on this product. 21, no. The use of native Trichoderma strains has been proposed as a sustainable alternative to control cocoa diseases. Why is Trichoderma so successful? 67–74, 2017. 163–173, 2008. All articles published by MDPI are made immediately available worldwide under an open access license. protecciÓn facial/visual. The data used to support the findings of this study are available and can be requested from the corresponding author. Es un hongo saprofito, antagonista de patógenos vegetales que se encuentra presente en la mayoría de los suelos. This affects in the cells action potential profile, as seen in cardiomyocytes, pneumocytes and neurons leading to conduction defects. Rhizosphere filamentous fungi of the genus Trichoderma, a dominant component of various soil ecosystem mycobiomes, are characterized by the ability to colonize plant roots.Detailed knowledge of the properties of Trichoderma, including metabolic activity and the type of interaction with plants and other microorganisms, can ensure its effective use in agriculture. Subsequently, 5 discs of 0.5 mm in diameter were removed from the Petri dish and placed in bags with sterile rice substrate. Papers are submitted upon individual invitation or recommendation by the scientific editors and undergo peer review 363 pesos con 40 centavos $ 363. In each plantation, 15 experimental subplots (5 treatments with 3 repetitions each) were established, each consisting of 64 trees in a square of 8 × 8 trees. Busca trichoderma , Los mejores productos encontrados en internet, el mayor buscador de ofertas del Perú. Activating the host plant’s defence system, priming it for a more effective response to the presence of a pathogen; analogous to human vaccination and subsequent immune response! 2 y 3.El huevo del Trichograma en el interior del huevo de la plaga, se transforma en larva a las pocas horas. 2020; 10(9):1376. Hypocrea species are most frequently found on bark or on decorticated wood but many species grow on bracket fungi (e.g. Ascospores are hyaline or green and typically spinulose. Trichoderma is a genus of fungi in the family Hypocreaceae that is present in all soils, where they are the most prevalent culturable fungi. [citation needed] A strain of Trichoderma viride is a known cause of dieback of Pinus nigra seedlings. No special 21–28, 2014. The strains were multiplied in mass individually, and using rice as matrix and solid substrate [. Holmes, K.A. In the evaluation of root fresh weight, T13 presented the highest average with respect to the other treatments, and for root dry weight, T9 showed superiority (Table 4). Conoce el precio del Euro de hoy en el Perú. The trial was conducted in the nursery of the Research Institute for the Sustainable Development of Ceja de Selva (INDES-CES), of the National University Toribio Rodriguez de Mendoza (UNTRM), located in the district of Cajaruro, Utcubamba province at an altitude of 474 m. a. s. l., located at longitude −78°24′49.876 W and latitude −5°45′24.306 S with a monthly rainfall of 27.7 mm [16], with an average temperature from March to June 2021 of 23°C, and a relative humidity of 85%. Finally, the bags were closed and incubated for 15 days at a temperature of 27°C. For this, a measurement was taken at the apex and basal part of the fourth leaf from above for each treatment; this was done with a chlorophyll meter model SPAD PLUS 502 [25]. Trichoderma is a dominant component of the mycobiome of various soil ecosystems (such as farmland, prairie, forests, salt . 5397. Santoyo et al. All primary and secondary branches arise at or near 90° with respect to the main axis. Trichoderma harzianum is a fungus that is also used as a fungicide. 185815 pesos $ 185.815. en. In addition, there are investigations that evaluated Trichoderma strains, obtaining good results in relation to their antagonistic potential and role as promoters for the improvement of some agronomic characteristics such as the root system, plant height, stem diameter, productivity, and chlorophyll index, among others [13]. The data were subjected to ANOVA with Infostat software. On the other hand, Bailey et al. Para la atención de los pedidos de ACB requeridos por usuarios de las diferentes zonas agrícolas, se les envía una lista de laboratorios con los cuales pueden coordinar su atención recomendando al usuario que debe de exigir el último control de calidad vigente realizado por SENASA al agente de control biológico de su interés. Sivasithamparam, K.; Ghisalberti, L. Secondary metabolism in, Vinale, F.; Marra, R.; Scala, F.; Ghisalberti, E.L.; Lorito, M.; Sivasithamparam, K. Major secondary metabolites produced by two commercial, Krauss, U.; Hoopen, M.; Hidalgo, E.; Martínez, A.; Arroyo, C.; García, J.; Portuguez, A.; Sánchez, V. Manejo integrado de la moniliasis (. V. Vargas and M. Vásquez, “Cacao fino y de aroma: una alternativa para la agroexportación,” Shibayashi económico, vol. Actualizado: hace 10 meses BIO-CROP: Somos proveedores de Trichoderma harzianum - PRQTECTOR en Col. El Recreo, Palmira, Valle Colombia. We use cookies on our website to ensure you get the best experience. The agricultural soil was collected from the area where the nursery was located (Utcubamba); the predominant soil types are Calera I and Pirias—Pericos Rojos [21, 22]. In the seedlings evaluated at 90 days, in terms of number of leaves, the best was T12; for stem diameter, the best treatment was T13 (Table 4). y según estudios puede desarrollar un ambiente idóneo para el . Producto para prevenir el ataque de bacterias y hongos patógenos causantes de pudriciones y enfermedades. 1071–1084, 2018. COMO TRABAJA. 40, no. The authors declare no conflict of interest. Conceptualization, S.L. You are accessing a machine-readable page. [4], In 1991, Bissett divided the genus into five sections, partly based on the aggregate species described by Rifai:[5]. Please note that many of the page functionalities won't work as expected without javascript enabled. Whiskers show standard deviation and horizontal letters show significant statistical differences. The treatment based on Trichoderma breve with the fine aroma native cocoa ecotype showed the best results in terms of chlorophyll index and number of leaves per plant; the treatments that presented 100% colonization in the root hairs as well as the trichomes in the stem were Trichoderma harzianum + CCN51 and Trichoderma afroharzianum + TSHS565. 3, pp. E. Ávila-Lovera, I. Coronel, R. Jaimez et al., “Ecophysiological traits of adult trees of criollo cocoa cultivars (Theobroma cacao L.),” Experimental Agricultura, vol. An evaluation was performed 75 days after seedling emergence, assessing endophytic colonization and development of root hairs from trichomes on the stem adapting the methodology of Prasanna et al. R. Pelagio-Flores, S. Esparza-Reynoso, A. Garnica-Vergara, J. López-Bucio, and A. Herrera-Estrella, “Trichoderma-Induced acidification is an early trigger for changes in Arabidopsis root growth and determines fungal phytostimulation,” Frontiers of Plant Science, vol. The highest values for antibiosis are similar to those reported by Reyes–Figueroa et al. Data were analyzed with the help of the statistical software InfoStat/Professional version 2018p. Partners M. Meza-Calderón, X. Moya-Menjívar, F. Parada-Berríos, and E. Vásquez-Osegueda, “Nutrición de portainjertos de cacao (Theobroma cacao L.) utilizando diferentes dosis de fórmula 15-15-15 y su influencia en el prendimiento de cuatro tipos de injerto,” Minerva, vol.
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