As the graph below shows, over the past 43 years this indicator reached a maximum value of 69.20 in 2014 and a … The three main energy carriers in Ethiopia are refined oil products (diesel, gasoline, kerosene), electricity (from solar radiation, water, wind, heat) and bioethanol (from sugarcane). He made the remark speaking to the state broadcaster ETV, today while visiting the $5 billion GERD with President Isaias Afwerki of Eritrea. The expected environmental destruction was considered to be way too severe. In exploiting geothermal energies, Ethiopia is piloting a way that was previously unknown to this country in the energy sector (which is otherwise entirely owned by the state): foreign direct investments with a full private ownership of power plants for 25 years with a power purchase agreement in place with a guaranteed price of US ¢7.53/kWh for the enterprise developing the Corbetti thermal site. Energy Consumption and Production Ethiopia’s population in 2013 was 94.1 million (Table 1) (IEA, 2016). It lies outside the River Nile basin and did not face vetoes by Egypt. Most of the energy supply thereby is covered by bioenergy, which in case of domestic use is usually stemming from unsustainable sources. Oversimplified is wind power available in Ethiopia in times of water shortages, while abundant water is present when no wind is blowing. During the Ethiopian dry seasons, steady trade winds are blowing all over the country while it is dry. These inland resources are almost entirely traditional renewables from biomass and biofuels (like wood) and wastes. [26] Plans to substitute the truck transport by 110 tank waggons on the newly built Addis Ababa–Djibouti Railway didn't arrive in reality in 2017. As Ethiopia is leaving the state of a subsistence economy, the demand for the transportation of goods is quickly increasing. The following table provides some of the most relevant energy sector numbers for Ethiopia, a developing country. Electricity is about to replace diesel as the main energy carrier in Ethiopia – but taken all refined oil products altogether (38.5 TWh in 2014), electricity (22.5 TWh in 2016) will still take a few years before it will surpass oil products as main energy carrier. PE: Ethiopia did not export PE in the years shown. There is a strongly growing need for refined oil imports (diesel, gasoline and kerosene) to the Ethiopian metropolitan areas (SE imports, see the table above). Together with planned capacities, the total production capacity in 2020 would amount to almost 300,000m3 per annum. Electricity production from hydroelectric sources (% of total) in Ethiopia was 92.69 as of 2015. The remaining ~300 GW are more evenly distributed across Ethiopia (1,000 TWh per annum for a capacity factor of 0.4). Value & Rank The Electricity production of Ethiopia is 4.93 (billions of kWh) with a global rank of 117. Electricity production is measured at the terminals of all alternator sets in a station. [3] 8.5% of the 45 GW of assumed hydrowoper potential of Ethiopia was exploited in 2017, the additional irrigation area gained through these hydropower installations is unknown outside Ethiopia. This will relieve some pressure from the sources of primary energy in Ethiopia (wood… The World Bank is supporting Ethiopia’s efforts through the $375 million Ethiopia Electrification Program, which focuses on last-mile connections along with strengthening the capacity of the sector and institutional reform. Due to the population growth, energy demand is increasing, which is increasingly (due to the stressed primary energy sources) covered by secondary energy imports, see the table. The remaining 12 MW (0.6%) and 8 MW (0.4%) comes from thermal and geothermal sources respectively. The levelized cost of electricity is often considered to be lowest for hydropower if compared to other possible types of electricity generation. The country is permanently increasing its number of power stations with an increasing number in operation and under construction. Ethiopia has a total identified economically feasible potential of 45 GW of hydropower and 1,350 GW of wind power. Ethiopia currently relies much on its reserves of wood for energy generation, see the table. The rest of the self-produced energy is either exported into other countries or unused. Electricity production from renewable sources, excluding hydroelectric, includes geothermal, solar, tides, wind, biomass, and biofuels. GERD will add 6.45 GW of installed power but comes without irrigation. Final consumption of electricity was 654 ktoe in the same Secondary energy is produced by the consumption of secondary energy sources, more often called energy carriers. Also a number of diesel power plants exist (nonrenewable fuel) to make electric power available, when no generation capacities from renewable and abundant energy sources are available for some reason. Ethiopia fully focuses on renewable energies, mainly from hydropower and wind power, to increase its installed electricity production capacity. The SHS can provide power for low power DC appliances such as lights, radios for about three to five hours a day. These cook stoves are burning fuel more efficiently, do not require wood as fuel and are thought to help protecting the forests of Ethiopia and to prevent deforestation. It is official policy to fully utilize hydropower in Ethiopia in combination with irrigation, so the double-positive effect of getting both cheap energy and sufficient water explains the focus on hydropower projects. In addition to hydropower, coal, oil, gas, and nuclear power generation, it covers generation by geothermal, solar, wind, and tide and wave energy, as well as that from combustible renewables and waste. Possibly exploitable are around 1,000 GW–7,000 GW from geothermal energy, as the East African Rift runs through Ethiopia with a number of hot spots for energy generation from geothermal energy. 97.4% of that were from renewable primary energies like water and wind, with electricity from hydropower plants dominating with 89.7% and wind power with 7.6%. [17] This project was also vetoed by Egypt, but Ethiopia this time made it a national project and started the project without external financing (except from the Ethiopian Diaspora). So, while energy carriers are increasingly produced, the general availability of them is not given to an extent that would allow the reduction of the use of primary energy. In 2016 and 2017, while plenty of electricity was available through the addition of the new Gilgel Gibe III power plant to the national power grid, substations and power transmission lines were running out of capacity, with frequent outages and shortages which resulted in a wave of additions of substations and power transmission lines.[12][13]. Ethiopia aims to diversify its electricity generation capabilities by investing into an energy mix, of which photovoltaics will be a part. The levelized cost of electricity from wind power worldwide is falling and is now (2017) roughly that of hydropower. [7] Compared to the bioethanol world production in 2016, the existing bioethanol production makes up only 0.1% of the worldwide bioethanol production. Ethiopia is also negotiating a PPA to begin power export to Kenya for up to 400 MW. For a moderate average capacity factor of 0.4, that would mean a total electricity production potential of around 4,900 TWh, ~9 times the total primary energy the country did consume in 2014. Of course also in the case of Ethiopia. But the need for primary energy is still increasing in Ethiopia, even on a per person base. Especially the availability of a network of power transmission lines, a power grid, defines the amount of availability of electricity as the major source for secondary energy. The total production of all electric energy producing facilities is 11 bn kWh, also 123% of own requirements. Value & Rank The Electricity production from oil sources of Ethiopia is 0.64 (% of total) with a global rank of 91. The result is: 27.34 %. Ethiopia in 2013 had 1,120 million tonnes of exploitable wood reserves. This multi-fuel Horn of Africa Pipeline (HOAP) will transport all sorts of refined oil products.[26]. [2], Ethiopia also has liquid and solid hydrocarbon reserves (fossil fuels): oil by 253 million tonnes of oil shales and more than 300 million tonnes of coal. The Program will directly support new connections for over one million households in … Ethiopia in 2013 assumed a total economically feasible potential of 45 GW of hydropower. In 2014, the country had an annual electricity production of 9,5 TWh. "Ethiopia is constructing several energy projects, including the 6,450 MW Grand Ethiopian Renaissance Dam (GERD), which in total can generate about 9,000 MW of additional energy," said Asnake. Definition: Sources of electricity refer to the inputs used to generate electricity. The 100 MW Metehara PV power station was tendered in 2017.[21]. Ethiopia has officially cut or halved the transmission of electricity to its neighbors Djibouti and Sudan. By doing so, the need to use primary energy for energy production in daily life will be replaced by the need to use energy carriers for energy production. One example for this discouraging effect is the Chemoga Yeda-project, that, according to Ethiopian voices, was considered to affect less than 1% of the water system of the Blue Nile. Gasoline, to be used in cars, is only 13% (2.7 TWh) of the value for diesel. Overview of the production, consumption, import and export of energy and electricity in Ethiopia, Power transmission lines and electrification, "Ethiopia's Renewable Energy Power Potential and Development Opportunities", "Water and Energy Resource Potential of Ethiopia – Status of Development and Investment Opportunities", "Ethiopia suspends $500 million mining project", "China moves on $4 bln Ethiopian export project", "The Second Growth and Transformation Plan (GTP II) [Draft]", "Meteorological drought assessment in north east highlands of Ethiopia", "The Most Drought Prone Countries in the World", "EEPCo in search of finance for Chemoga-Yeda", "Is Ethiopia taking control of the River Nile? The generated energy will not add much to the national grid but it will prevent the sugar factories from becoming net consumers of electricity. A new research on the integration of Variable Renewable Energy Sources (VRES) in the National Electric System of Ethiopia, developed by Enel Foundation and RES4Africa, shows that the country can accommodate up to 3.6 GW of wind capacity and as much as 5.3 GW of solar PV capacity by 2030. A direct use of such abundant renewable primary energy sources (sun, water, etc...) is often not possible in technical processes, so it is more feasible to produce energy carriers to store and to transport energy that can later be consumed as secondary energy. Ethiopia is a nation endowed with huge amount of water, wind, solar and geothermal energy potentials. Current natural reproduction of wood does not cover the annual use of 37 million tonnes of wood, 50% of the Ethiopian wood reserves of 1,120 million tonnes are exploited. [12], The least concern is given for the backbone of the electric grid. Ethiopia itself uses its bioethanol to blend gasoline (ethanol is much cheaper than gasoline) and for cooking stoves. The project lost its financing. The dam became fully operational in 2017, and it needs to be seen whether or not the predictions become reality. [10] In July 2017, the so-called nameplatepower capacity, the overall installed power capacity, was up to 4,267.5 MW. This can be done by simple roads. There is a plan to increase power exports to Djibouti up to 400 MW due to a growing demand in the region. The construction phase of the project will generate approximately … The lowest data : 2006 is the lowest year for the indicator : Source of electricity production : Fossil … Primary energy is produced through the consumption of natural resources, renewable and nonrenewable. [21], That does not necessarily mean, that the urban population with nominal access to the electric grid was better off. As of 2017 Ethiopia seeks the installation of 5.2 GW from photovoltaic power stations. [2] It is planned to develop 570 MW of geothermal energy at two different sites within the Great Rift Valley, Ethiopia. Data Briefs. While Ethiopia on the other hand has been arguing that electricity is not a luxury for half of its population over its over 60 million people currently living in darkness. [2][3] This changes now. This demand was covered in 2016 and 2017 by ~500 tank trucks daily leaving the Port of Djibouti towards Ethiopia. Energy carriers are obtained through a man-made conversion process from primary energy sources. See the table. 300 MW of photovoltaic installations are planned to be developed by 2020. This project in 2011 had secured external financing and was considered under construction already, when it received an Egyptian veto under international law. External financing for hydropower projects in other Ethiopian river basins was easier to get. 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